A MANUAL FOR PREPARATION OF PROJECT REPORT
CONTENTS
1.
GENERAL
2.
NUMBER OF COPIES TO BE SUBMITTED
3.
SIZE OF PROJECT REPORT
4.
ARRANGEMENT OF CONTENTS OF PROJECT REPORT
5.
PAGE DIMENSIONS AND MARGIN
6.
MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION
7.
TYPING INSTRUCTIONS
8.
NUMBERING INSTRUCTIONS
9.
BINDING SPECIFICATIONS
Appendix 1 : M.E.
/ M.Tech. / M.Sc. / MBA / MCA Title Page
A Manual for preparation of Project report
1.
GENERAL :
The manual is intended to provide broad guidelines
to the M.E. / M.Sc. / M.Tech. / M.C.A. / M.B.A. candidates in the preparation
of the project report. In general, the project report shall report, in an
organised and scholarly fashion an account of original research work of the
candidate leading to the discovery of new facts or techniques or correlation of
facts already known (analytical, experiments, hardware oriented etc.)
2. NUMBER OF COPIES TO BE SUBMITTED :
M.E. / M.Tech. / M.Sc. / M.B.A. / M.C.A. :
Students should submit five
copies to the Head of the Department concerned on or before the specified
date. The Head of the Department should
send (i) One copy to the Zonal Coordinator for onward transmission to the
University. (ii) One copy to the
Department library (iii) One copy each
to the internal and external examiner and (iv) One copy to the student
concened.
3. Size
of Project report :
The size of
project report should not exceed 60 pages of typed matter reckoned from the
first page of Chapter 1 to the last page.
4. Arrangement
of contents of project report :
The sequence in
which the project report material should be arranged and bound should be as
follows :
1.
Title page
2.
Bonafide Certificate
3.
Abstract
4.
Acknowledgement
5.
Table of Contents
6.
List of Tables
7.
List of Figures
8.
List of Symbols, Abbreviations or Nomenclature
(Optional)
9.
Chapters
10.
Appendices
11.
References
The Tables and Figures shall be
introduced in the appropriate places.
5. Page
Dimensions and Margin :
The dimensions
of the final bound copies of the project report should be 290mm x 205mm.
Standard A4 size (297mm x 210mm) paper may be used for preparing the copies.
The final five
copies of the project report (at the time of submission) should have the
following page margins :
Top edge : 30
to 35 mm
Bottom edge : 25 to
30 mm
Left side : 35
to 40 mm
Right side : 20
to 25 mm
The project
report should be prepared on good quality white paper preferably not lower than
80 gms /Sq. Meter.
Tables and
figures should conform to the margin specifications. Large size figures should
be photographically or otherwise reduced to the appropriate size before
insertion.
6. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION :
The candidates
shall supply a typed copy of the manuscript to the guide for the purpose of
approval. In the preparation of the manuscript, care should be taken to ensure
that all textual matter is typed to the extent possible in the same format as
may be required for the final project report.
Hence, some of
the information required for the final typing of the project report is included
also in this section.
The headings of
all items 2 to 11 listed section 4 should be typed in capital letters without
punctuation and centred 50mm below the top of the page. The text should commence 4 spaces below this
heading. The page numbering for all items 1 to 8 should be done using lower
case Roman numerals and the pages thereafter should be numbered using Arabic
numerals.
6.1 Title page – A
specimen copy of the title page for M.E. / M.Tech./M.B.A./ M.C.A. / M.Sc.
project report are given in Appendix 1.
6.2 Bonafide Certificate
– Using double spacing for typing the Bonafide Certificate should be in this
format :
Certified
that this project report titled…………………………is the bonafide work of Mr./
Ms………………………………..who carried out the research under my supervision. Certified
further, that to the best of my knowledge the work reported herein does not
form part of any other project report or dissertation on the basis of which a
degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion on this or any other
candidate.
(Certificate
to be countersigned by the HOD.)
6.3. Abstract –
Abstract should be an essay type of narrative not exceeding 600 words,
outlining the problem, the methodology used for tackling it and a summary of
the findings.
6.4. Acknowledgement –
It should be brief and should not exceed one page when typed double spacing.
6.5. Table of contents –
The table of contents should list all material following it as well as any
material which precedes it. The title page, bonafide Certificate and
acknowledgement will not find a place among the items listed in the table of
contents but the page numbers of which are in lower case Roman letters. One and
a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter under this head.
6.6. List of Tables –
The list should use exactly the same captions as they appear above the tables
in the text. One and a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter
under this head.
6.7. List of Figures –
The list should use exactly the same captions as they appear below the figures
in the text. One and a half spacing should be adopted for typing the matter
under this head.
6.8. List of Symbols,
Abbreviations and Nomanclature – One and a half spacing should be adopted
for typing the matter under this head. Standard symbols, abbreviations etc.
should be used.
6.9. Chapters – The chapters
may be broadly divided into 3 parts (i) Introductory chapter, (ii) Chapters
developing the main theme of the project report, (iii) Results, Discussion and
Conclusion.
The main text will be
divided into several chapters and each chapter may be further divided into
several divisions and sub-division.
§
Each chapter should be given an appropriate
title.
§
Tables and figures in a chapter should be placed
in the immediate vicinity of the reference where they are cited.
§
Footnotes should be used sparingly. They should
be typed single space and placed directly underneath in the very same page
which refers to the material they annotate.
6.10. Appendices – Appendices are provided
to give supplementary information, which if included in the main text may serve
as a distraction and cloud the central theme under discussion.
§
Appendices should be numbered using Arabic
numerals, e.g. Appendix 1, Appendix 2, etc.
§
Appendices, Tables and References appearing in
appendices should be numbered and referred to at appropriate places just as in
the case of chapters.
6.11. List of References – Any work of
other researcher is used either directly or indirectly the origin of the
material thus referred to at appropriate places in the project report should be
indicated. A paper, a monograph or a book may be designated by the name of the
first author followed by the year of publication, placed inside brackets at the
appropriate places in the project report should be indicated. A paper, a
monograph or a book may be designated by the name of the first author followed
by the year of publication, placed inside brackets at the appropriate place of
reference. The citation may assume any one of the following forms.
Examples
of citation
(i)
An improved algorithm has been adopted in literature
(Tsychiya 1980)
(ii)
Jankins and Walts (1968) have dealt at length this
principle.
(iii)
The problems of mechanical manupulators has been
studied by Shin et al (1984) and certain limitations of the method used, has
been pointed out by Shin et al (1984 a).
The listed
should be typed 4 space below the heading “REFERENCES” in alphabetical order in
single spacing left-justified. The reference material should be listed in the
alphabetical order of the first author. The name of the author/authors should
be immediately followed by the year and other details. A typical illustrative
list given below relates to the citation examples quoted above.
REFERENCES
1. Ariponnammal S. and Natarajan S. (1994)
‘Transport Phonomena of Sm Se 1-x Asx’ Pramana – Journal of Physics Vol. 42
No.5 pp.421-425
2. Barnard R.W. and Kellogg
C. (1980) ‘Applications of Convolution operators to Problems in univalent
function theory. Michigan Mach. J., Vol 27, pp 81-94
3. Jankins G.M. and Walts
D.G. (1968), Spectral Analysis and its Applications’ Holder Day, Sanfrancisco.
4.
Shin K.G. and Mckay N.D. (1984) ‘Open loop minimum time
control of mechanical manupulations and its applications’, Proc. Amer. Contr.
Conf., San Diego, CA, pp. 1231-1236.
6.12. Tables and Figures
– By the word Table, is meant tabulated data in the body of the project report
as well as in the appendices. All other material used in the body of the
project report and appendices such as charts, graphs, maps, photographs and
diagrams may be designated as figures.
§
A table or figure including caption should be
accommodated within the prescribed margin limits and appear on the page
following the page where their first reference is made.
§
Tables and figures on half page or less in
length may appear on the same page along with the text. However, they should be
separated from the text both above and below by triple spacing.
§
All tables and figures should be prepared on the
same paper or material used for the preparation of the rest of the project
report.
§
For preparing captions, numerals, symbols or
characters in the case of tables or figures, the Computer should be used.
§
Two or more small tables or figures may be
grouped if necessary in a single page.
§
Whenever possible, the entire photograph(s) may
be reproduced on a full sheet of photographic paper.
§
Photographs, if any, should be included in the
colour xerox form only. More than one photograph can be included in a page.
§
Samples of Fabric, Leather, etc., if absolutely
necessary may be attached evenly in a page and fixed/pasted suitably and should
be treated as figures.
7.
TYPING INSTRUCTIONS
General
This section
includes additional information for final typing of the project report. Some
information given earlier under ‘Manuscript preparation’ shall also be
referred.
The impressions
on the typed copies should be black in colour.
Uniformity in
the font of letters in the same project report shall be observed.
A sub-heading
at the bottom of a page must have atleast two full lines below it or else it
should be carried over to the next page.
The last word
of any page should not be split using a hyphen.
One and a half
spacing should be used for typing the general text.
Single spacing
should be used for typing:
(i)
Long Tables
(ii)
Long quotations
(iii)
Foot notes
(iv)
Multiline captions
(v)
References
All quotations
exceeding one line should be typed in an indented space – the indentation being
15mm from either margins.
Double spacing
should be used for typing the Bonafide Certificate and Acknowledgement.
7.2.
Chapters
The format for typing chapter headings, divisions
headings and sub division headings are explained through the following
illustrative examples.
Chapter heading : CHAPTER 1
Division
heading INTRODUCTION
Division
heading : 1.1 OUTLINE OF PROJECT REPORT
Sub-division
heading : 1.1.2. Literature review.
The word
CHAPTER without punctuation should be centered 50mm down from the top of the
page. Two spaces below, the title of the chapter should be typed centrally in
capital letters. The text should commence 4 spaces below this title, the first
letter of the text starting 20mm, inside from the left hand margin.
The division
and sub-division captions along with their numberings should be left-justified.
The typed material directly below division or sub-division heading should
commence 2 spaces below it and should be offset 20mm from the left hand margin.
Within a division or sub-division, paragraphs are permitted. Even paragraph
should commence 3 spaces below the last line of the preceding paragraph, the
first letter in the paragraph being offset from the left hand margin by 20mm.
8. NUMBERING INSTRUCTIONS
8.1.
Page Numbering
All pages
numbers (whether it be in Roman or Arabic numbers) should be typed without
punctuation on the upper right hand corner 20mm from top with the last digit in
line with the right hand margin. The preliminary pages of the project report
(such as Title page, Acknowledgement, Table of Contents etc.) should be
numbered in lower case Roman numerals. The title page will be numbered as (i)
but this should not be typed. The page immediately following the title page
shall be numbered (ii) and it should appear at the top right hand corner as
already specified. Pages of main text, starting with Chapter 1 should be
consecutively numbered using Arabic numerals.
8.2
Numbering of Chapters, Divisions and Sub-Divisions
The numbering
of chapters, divisions and sub-divisions should be done, using Arabic numerals
only and further decimal notation should be used for numbering the divisions
and sub-divisions within a chapter. For example, sub-division 4 under division
3 belonging to chapter 2 should be numbered as 2.3.4. The caption for the
sub-division should immediately follow the number assigned to it.
Every chapter
beginning with the first chapter should be serially numbered using Arabic
numerals. Appendices included should also be numbered in an identical manner
starting with Appendix 1.
8.2.
Numbering of Tables and Figures
Tables and Figures appearing anywhere in the
project report should bear appropriate numbers. The rule for assigning such
numbers is illustrated through an example. Thus if as figure in Chapter 3,
happens to be the fourth then assign 3.4 to that figure. Identical rules apply
for tables except that the word Figures is replaced by the word Table. If
figures (or tables) appear in appendices then figure 3 in Appendix 2 will be
designated as Figure A 2.3. If a table to be continued into the next page this
may be done, but no line should be drawn underneath an unfinished table. The
top line of the table continued into the next page should, for example read
Table 2.1 (continued) placed centrally and underlined.
8.3.
Numbering of Equations
Equations
appearing in each Chapter or Appendix should be numbered serially, the
numbering commencing a fresh for each Chapter or Appendix. Thus for example, an
equation appearing in Chapter 2, if it happens to be the eighth equation in
that Chapter should be numbered (2.8) thus:
C(s) G1 G2
----- =
----------------- (2.8)
R(s) 1 + G1 G2 H
While referring
to this equation in the body of the project report it should be referred to as
Equation (2.8).
9. BINDING SPECIFICATIONS
Project report submitted for M.E. / M.Tech. /
M.Sc./ M.C.A. / M.B.A. should be bound using flexible cover of thick white art
paper. The spine for the bound volume should be of black Calico of 20mm width.
The cover should be printed in black letters and the text for printing should
be identical to what has been prescribed for the title page.
APPENDIX 1
(A
typical Speciman of Title Page)
EARTHQUAKE
ANALYSIS OF TALL TOWERS
By
(Name
of Candidate)
A
PROJECT REPORT
Submitted
to the
FACULTY
OF _____________________ ENGINEERING
In
partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the award of the degree
of
MASTER OF ENGINEERING / TECHNOLOGY /
SCIENCE /
MASTER OF COMPUTER
APPLICATION /
BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
IN
(Name
of the specialization)
(Emblem)
ANNA UNIVERSITY
CHENNAI
600 025
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